The Physics Of The Periodic Table - 919 Words

Group 14 of the periodic table contains a mixture of non-metals (carbon and silicon), a metalloid (germanium), and two metals ( tin and lead). Tin is able to form dihalides and tetrahalides such as SnI2 and SnI4. However, lead will not form tetrahalides as readily as tin3. The tetrahalides of lead will decompose into dihalides due to their instability 3. The stability of the compounds is based on their respective oxidation states. Periodic trends suggest that group 14 oxidation states are normally - 4 as it is increasingly energetically favorable for them to accept electrons in order to complete their valence shells 3. However, due to the metallic properties of tin and lead, they generally lose electrons and therefore have a positive oxidation state. It is a characteristic trend to see heavier elements of the p block forming compounds in which their oxidation number is 2 (less than the group number 3 ). The heavier the atom, the more stable it is in the lower oxidation state. This is due to the inert pair effect 3. This can be correlated to the amount of energy needed to remove an electron (ionization energy), since in the higher oxidation state the p-block electrons and the s-block electrons are removed, while in the lower oxidation state, it is only the p-electrons that are removed and thus, the overall ionization energy is lower. The general periodic trend is that the ionization energy is generally lower for heavy metals, which results in the lower oxidation state beingShow MoreRelatedPhysics Of The Periodic Table1506 Words   |  7 PagesThe Periodic Table Chemically speaking, the periodic table was a major factor in improving the study of elements, in which then the study of these elements expands into broader studies such as atoms and sub-atoms. This essay will talk about the history of the development of the periodic table and will further discuss the how and why it was created. Moreover, it will include the history of various chemists that contributed in the improvement of the table such as Johann Wolfgang Dà ¶bereiner, John NewlandsRead MoreEssay On Limits Of Matter1250 Words   |  5 Pages The articles â€Å"When it comes to putting the squeeze on hydrogen, diamonds make the point† and â€Å"Chemistry group offers seat at periodic table to 4 new elements† both define chemical reactions. Individuals are studying the physics of what the extreme limits of matter might be. Specific evidence can support the claim. In the first place, the article When it comes to putting the squeeze on hydrogen, diamonds make the point, this describes the combination of hydrogen and pressure to produceRead MoreEssay on Biography of Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev1141 Words   |  5 PagesRussian chemist and inventor, born on February 8, 1834, in Tobolsk, Russia. The 17th child of Ivanovich Pavlovich and Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleev. 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